peters



(No Model.)

J. G. VETTER & S. G; PUTNAM.

ARMATURE FOB ELECTRIC MOTORS AND DYNAMO ELECTRIC MAGHINES.

No. 298,922. Patented May 20, 1884.

v Wit/1mm r UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH O. VETTER AND STEPHEN G. PUTNAM, OF 'NEWV YORK, N. Y.

ARMATURE FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS AND DYNAMO-E LECTRIC MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 298,922, dated May 20,1884.

Application filed December 5, 1883. (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that we, J OSEPH O. VETTEE and STEPHEN G. PUTNAM, both ofthe city and county of New York, in the State of New York, have inventeda new and useful Improvement in Armatures for Dynamo-Electric Machinesand Electric Motors, ofwhich the following is a specification.

The armatures which are most generally used in dynamo-electric machinesand electric motors are made of heavy iron disks or of wire wound onheavy iron rings. Such armatures are expensive to make, and are so heavyand constructed in such a solid and compact form that they soon growvery hot in use, thus losing much electric energy. It is necessary,however, that there should be considerable iron in the armature-core,and that it should be carefully wound with sufficient wire.

The object of our invention is-to provide an armature which shall be ofsmall size and light weight as compared with others of a given power,which is not expensive to make and which has that openness ofconstruction necessary to secure proper ventilation and preventoverheating. The core for a rotary armature inust of course,bemagnetically continuous or circular, but it is not necessarilya solidring or piece of metal; and our invention consists in a rotary armaturehaving a core which is doubled or returned upon itself, or, in otherwords, a core which extends from side to side of the armature in itscourse around or in the direction of the circumference of the armature.By such a construction we obtain a core of great length in an armatureof very small diameter, and at the same time obtain an increase inelectric energy.

The invention also consists in the combination, in a rotary armature, ofa core composed of a circular series of sections wound with wire andextending in the direction of the length of the axis of the armature andside sections connecting the firstmentioned sections, so as to form acore which is magnetically continuous throughout the circumference ofthe armature and disks or heads of non-magnetic material to which theside sections of the core are secured.

The invention also consists in other details of construction,hereinafter described and re ferred to in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figurel is a transverse section of anarmature embodying our invention. Fig. 2 isa plan of the armature, aportion thereof being shown in section. Fig. 3 is a perspective view ofa ,portion of the core. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a portion of acore of slightlymodified form, also embodying our invention and Fig.

5 is a diagram or plan view illustrating thedoubling or returning of thecore on itself in its course around the armature. 7

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

The core which forms the subject of our invention, instead of passing inits course directly around or in the direction of the circumference ofthe armature takes the course illustrated by the diagram, Fig. 5, saidfigure representing the core as laid out flatin a plane. This core isdoubled or returned upon itself at short intervals, and comprisesparallel portions or sections A and side sections, A, which togetherform a continuous core. The sections A only may be wound with wire, asindicated in the diagram, or the sections A and A may both be so wound.

Referring now to Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, B designates the spindle or shaftof the armature, and O C designate heads, disks, or supportingwalls,secured on the shaft and forming the sides or ends of the armature. Thedisks or heads 0 G are of brass, hard rubber, or other nonmagneticmaterial.

I11 this example of our invention the core sections A A are madeseparate from each other, and the side sections, A, are secured to andsupported by the heads or disks 0, while I the sections A extend in thedirection of the length of the spindle or shaft B, parallel with eachother, and are connected with the side section A. The sections A form acircular series, and the two sections A A, which are connected with asingle side section, A, at their one end, are connected with differentside sections, A A, at their opposite ends. The sections A A are ofmagnetic material, and, being magnetically connected, it will beunderstood that the general course of the core around or in thedirection of the circumference of the armature is as illustrated by thelines in Fig. 5. The core-sections A may be made in various forms. Theymay be of solid round iron, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, or of tubes;or they may consist of strips or plates of iron, set radially to thecenter of the armature. They may be round, square, or oval in theirtransverse section, or they maybe wedgeshaped in their transversesection, as shown in Fig. 4. In Fig. ithe, sections A are wedgeshaped intheir transverse section, and the sections A are connected with them byscrews a. In Figs. 1, 2, and 3 are represented screws 1), which passthrough the heads or disks 0 and, the side sections, A, and extend intothe sec tions A, therebysecuring the sections A A together and to theheads or disks 0.

On each side of the armature and inside the side sections, A, are thinsheets or disks 8, of any non-conducting material. These are used simplyto prevent contact of the wire D with the core-sections A. Thecore-sections A extend through holes in these sheets or disks, and intodirect contact with the sections A, as shown where broken away in Fig.2. The core-sections A may be very short, thus bring ing the heads ordisks 0 near together, and making the armature of little width ascompared with its diameter; or the sections A may be very long, thusgiving the armature a long cylindric shape.

D designates the winding of wire upon the core-sections A. WVhen thesesections are of irregularshape, as in Fig. 4, the winding will be doneas shown in said figure; but when the core-sections A are round the wireD may be wound in the form of round bobbins upon paper or other tubes 0,and slipped upon the coresections A before they are connected with theside sections, A. hen the sections A are very long, several sections ofwire may be wound or placed on each one, and the ends of the severalsections of wire brought down to the commutator. If core-sections A ofthe form shown in Fig. 4 are used, they may be set very close together,thus giving more separately-wound sections than in any other armature.The coils of wire D on the several core-sections A are all connectedwith the connnutator-pins e, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the full lines(I in Fig. 1, designating the terminals which lead from those ends ofalternate coils D which are adjacent to the commutator-pins, and thedotted lines d designating the terminals which lead from those ends ofintermediate coils D which are at the opposite side of the armature.

The form of armature herein described possesses many advantages. It isvery simple and inexpensive in construction, all the core sections A Abeing interchangeable, and its core-secti0ns being very easily wound. As

the wound core-sections A are connected with the side sections, A,independently of each other, any one section A can be readily taken outfor repair, or to be replaced by another, while with an armatureconstructed as heretofore it is very difficult to remove any woundsection of the core. The principal portion of the Weight of the armatureis near the circumference, and hence it may be rotated very rapidly, andwill acquire great momentum, thus rendering it very desirable for smallmotors or toys. The core sections A, being wound separately andhavingair-spaces between them and at or near the center, aflord provision forample ventilation to keep the armature cool. \Vhen the armature is madeof considerable length, it presents an excellent cylindric form of smalldiameter about which to construct a field-magnet. The weight of our coreor coils being mostly at or near the circumference, we get greatmomentum, which in a motor with an armature of large diameter is veryadvantageous. \Vith its rapid revolution and its wound coils set inclose juxtaposition, yet not touching, it is an armature which is light,powerful, well ventilated, and most effective.

WVhen the armature is used in a dynamoelectricmachine, power is appliedto the shaft of the armature; but when in an electric motor a current issent through the field-magnets and the armature is rotated thereby.

WV hat we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by LettersPatent, is

1. A rotary armature having a core which is doubled or returned uponitself, or, in other words, a core which extends from side to side ofthe armature in its course around, or in the direction of thecircumference of the armature, substantially as and for the purposeherein described.

2. In a rotary armature, the combination of a core composed of acircular series of sec:

tions wound with wire and extending in the direction of the length ofthe axis of the armature, and side sections connecting the woundsections, so as to form a core which is magnetically continuousthroughout the circumference of the armature, and disks or heads ofnonmagnetic material to which the side sections of the core are secured,substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

3. In a rotary armature, the combination of heads or disks ofnon-magnetic material, a core consisting of side sections, A, andsections A, and bobbins D, severally wound on tubes and slipped uponsaid sections A, substantially as herein described.

J. O. VETTER. S. G. PUTNAM.

XVitnesses:

FREDK. HAYNEs, ED. L. MORAN.

IIO

